Procurement Korean: 입찰, 제안서, 낙찰, 심사

Core examples: 입찰; 제안서; 낙찰; 심사; 입찰공고; 참가자격; 평가기준; 우선협상대상자; 계약.

The problem this article solves

A procurement notice says:

본 사업은 제한경쟁입찰로 진행하며, 참가자격을 충족한 업체에 한해 제안서 제출이 가능합니다. 기술평가와 가격평가를 합산하여 우선협상대상자를 선정합니다.

This is procedural Korean. If you miss 참가자격, 평가기준, or 우선협상대상자, you do not know who can bid, how they are judged, or what happens after selection.

The key principle is:

Procurement Korean is competition organized through documents, eligibility, evaluation, and award procedure.

Core vocabulary and system

입찰

입찰

means bid/tender.

Related:

입찰공고

공개입찰

제한경쟁입찰

입찰참가

입찰 is a procedural competition, not just a price offer.

입찰공고

입찰공고

means bid notice/tender announcement. It usually contains project description, eligibility, submission deadline, documents, evaluation method, and contact point.

참가자격

참가자격

means participation eligibility.

This section decides who can submit a valid bid.

제안서

제안서

means proposal.

It may include technical approach, staffing, schedule, budget, company experience, and deliverables.

심사

심사

means review/evaluation/screening.

Related:

서류심사

기술심사

가격심사

심사위원

심사 is the decision process.

평가기준

평가기준

means evaluation criteria. It tells what will be scored and how.

우선협상대상자

우선협상대상자

means preferred negotiator / priority negotiation party.

This is not always final contract award. It often means the top-ranked bidder enters negotiation first.

낙찰

낙찰

means successful bid/award.

Related:

낙찰자

낙찰금액

낙찰 통보

낙찰 is the result of bidding.

계약

계약

means contract. Procurement is not complete until the required contract step is done.

Genre and function table

Worked example

제안서 평가는 기술평가 80점, 가격평가 20점으로 하며, 최고득점자를 우선협상대상자로 선정한다.

Breakdown:

기술평가 80점 technical evaluation: 80 points

가격평가 20점 price evaluation: 20 points

최고득점자 highest scorer

우선협상대상자 preferred negotiator

Plain reading:

Proposal evaluation consists of 80 technical points and 20 price points, and the highest scorer is selected as the preferred negotiator.

This says how ranking is produced; it does not necessarily say the contract is already signed.

Common learner traps

• 우선협상대상자 is not always 낙찰자.
• 참가자격 failure can invalidate the bid.
• 제안서 is not only marketing; it is an evaluated document.
• 심사 may include technical and price components.
• 계약 conditions may differ from proposal-stage expectations.

Example bank walkthrough

입찰

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

제안서

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

낙찰

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

심사

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

입찰공고

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

참가자격

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

평가기준

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

우선협상대상자

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

계약

Learner action: identify its domain function before translating it literally.

Reusable reading workflow

1. Identify procurement type.
2. Read 입찰공고 title and issuing body.
3. Check 참가자격 first.
4. List required documents.
5. Extract submission deadline and method.
6. Read 평가기준 and scoring weights.
7. Identify whether negotiation follows evaluation.
8. Distinguish 우선협상대상자, 낙찰자, and 계약 체결.
9. Flag high-stakes procurement questions for professional review.

Procurement-stage diagnostic table

Procurement notices should be read as procedural sequences.

Eligibility and submission requirements are just as important as price.

우선협상대상자 warning

우선협상대상자 means the party selected for priority negotiation. It does not automatically mean the contract is complete. Check whether the next stage is 협상, 계약 체결, 추가 서류 제출, or 최종 낙찰.

Evaluation score table

A bid can fail because of documents, qualifications, or scoring—not only price.

A strong tool for this article would include:

1. Procurement-stage timeline..
2. Eligibility checklist..
3. Evaluation-score table..
4. Preferred-negotiator warning..
5. Document submission tracker..
6. Plain-language bid notice summary..

Final rule

Procurement Korean: 입찰, 제안서, 낙찰, 심사 is not just a vocabulary topic. It is a real-source reading problem. Read the genre, actor, status, and consequence before choosing a translation.