Survey Japanese: 質問票, 属性, 回答率, 分析

Core examples: 質問票, 属性, 回答率, 分析, 設問, 複数回答, 5段階評価, クロス集計, 無回答, 調査期間.

A survey result is only as clear as the question asked

A report says:

回答者の62％が「満足」と回答した。

Useful? Maybe. But what was the question? Who answered? How many people? Was it multiple choice? Was there a neutral option? What was the response rate? Were results split by age, gender, region, or occupation?

Survey Japanese can look simple while hiding design choices.

The key principle is:

Survey Japanese must be read by question wording, respondent group, answer options, and method.

A percentage is not meaningful until you know the survey frame.

質問票 and 設問

質問票

means questionnaire.

設問

means question item.

Related:

質問項目 questionnaire item

回答項目 response option

自由記述 free-response written answer

A survey report may summarize results without showing the exact question. That is a weakness for serious readers.

Learner action: find exact 設問 wording whenever possible.

属性

属性

means respondent attribute/category.

Common attributes:

年齢 age

性別 gender/sex category depending survey

居住地 place of residence

職業 occupation

世帯年収 household income

属性 analysis shows how answers differ by group.

Learner action: check whether results are overall or broken down by attribute.

回答率

回答率

means response rate.

Related:

回収率 collection rate

有効回答数 number of valid responses

回答者数 number of respondents

A low response rate may affect interpretation. A survey can have many distributed questionnaires but fewer valid responses.

Learner action: separate distributed number, collected number, valid responses, and response rate.

複数回答

複数回答

means multiple answers allowed.

Related:

単一回答 single answer

複数選択可 multiple selections allowed

If multiple answers are allowed, percentages may total more than 100%.

Learner action: before adding percentages, check whether the question is single-answer or multiple-answer.

5段階評価

5段階評価

means five-point scale.

Example options:

とても満足 very satisfied

やや満足 somewhat satisfied

どちらともいえない neither / cannot say either way

やや不満 somewhat dissatisfied

とても不満 very dissatisfied

Scale design affects results. Combining categories can change interpretation.

クロス集計

クロス集計

means cross-tabulation.

It compares responses across attributes or categories.

Example:

年代別にクロス集計した。 Cross-tabulated by age group.

Cross-tabs are useful for seeing differences hidden in overall averages.

無回答

無回答

means no answer/nonresponse.

Related:

不明 unknown

回答なし no response

未回答 unanswered

Nonresponse can matter. If many people choose 無回答, the survey may be sensitive, confusing, or poorly designed.

分析

分析

means analysis.

Survey analysis may include:

• descriptive statistics,
• cross-tabulation,
• free-response coding,
• trend comparison,
• segmentation,
• significance testing.

Learner action: distinguish raw results from interpretation.

調査期間

調査期間

means survey period.

Related:

調査対象 survey target

調査方法 survey method

インターネット調査 internet survey

郵送調査 mail survey

面接調査 interview survey

When the survey happened can affect results, especially for politics, disasters, inflation, school issues, or product campaigns.

Example bank walkthrough

質問票

Questionnaire.

Learner action: source of question wording.

属性

Respondent attributes.

Learner action: age, region, job, etc.

回答率

Response rate.

Learner action: participation level.

分析

Analysis.

Learner action: interpretation beyond raw answers.

設問

Question item.

Learner action: exact wording matters.

複数回答

Multiple answers allowed.

Learner action: percentages may exceed 100%.

5段階評価

Five-point scale.

Learner action: scale design.

クロス集計

Cross-tabulation.

Learner action: differences by group.

無回答

No answer/nonresponse.

Learner action: missing data.

調査期間

Survey period.

Learner action: timing/context.

Survey-method pass

When reading survey Japanese:

1. Survey sponsor.
2. Target population.
3. Sample size.
4. Survey period.
5. Survey method.
6. Question wording.
7. Answer options.
8. Single or multiple answer.
9. Response rate and valid responses.
10. Attribute breakdown.
11. Analysis method.
12. Claim made from data.

Survey method table

Survey claims should be read through design.

A survey result is not separable from its question and sample.

複数回答 percentage warning

If 複数回答 appears, totals can exceed 100%.

Example:

複数回答可 multiple answers allowed

This means each respondent may select several options. A graph showing 60%, 45%, and 30% is not contradictory. Do not add the numbers as if they were parts of one whole.

Attribute interpretation

属性 can be useful but sensitive. Age, gender, income, occupation, and region may reveal patterns, but they can also be overinterpreted.

A responsible reader asks:

1. Is the subgroup sample large enough?
2. Is the difference meaningful?
3. Is the wording neutral?
4. Does the report imply causation from simple cross-tabulation?

A strong tool for this article would annotate survey claims and method.

Suggested functions:

1. Question wording extractor.
2. Response-option display.
3. Single/multiple-answer flag.
4. Sample/response-rate panel.
5. Attribute and cross-tab highlighter.
6. Nonresponse warning.
7. Claim-strength checker.

Final rule

Survey Japanese is question-design Japanese.

質問票 and 設問 frame the answer. 属性 tells who answered. 回答率 tells participation. 複数回答 changes percentages. 5段階評価 shapes choice. クロス集計 reveals group differences. 無回答 matters.

Do not read the percentage before reading the question.